Engine Components

 Introduction

 what is the heat engine?

A heat engine is a device which transforms the chemical energy of a fuel into thermal energy and uses this energy to produce mechanical work.

 It is classified into two types:

 (a) External combustion engine

 (b) Internal combustion engine 

 External combustion engine: 

Here, the working medium, the steam, is generated in a boiler, located out side the engine and allowed in to the cylinder to operate the piston to do mechanical work

 Internal combustion engine (I.C. Engine):

 

 

 

 In internal combustion engine, the combustion of fuel takes place inside the engine cylinder and heat is generated within the cylinder. This heat is added to the air inside the cylinder and thus the pressure of the air is increased tremendously. This high pressure air moves the piston which rotates the crank shaft and thus mechanical work is done

 

 Engine Classifications can be drawn as the following

 

• Cylinder arrangement

• Operational cycles 

• Type of fuel used 

• Number of cylinders 

• Cooling system type 

• Camshaft location 

• Type of ignition 

• Type of aspiration 

• Application 

 Cylinder arrangement 

 

 Operational cycles

• Four-Stroke Cycle 

• Two-Stroke Cycle 

 

 

Number of Cylinders

•  Most vehicle and truck engines have either 4, 6, or 8 cylinders 

•  Some may have 3, 5, 10, 12, or 16 cylinders

  

  
  

  •  Engine power and smoothness are enhanced by using more cylinders 

     Cooling System Type

     There are two types of cooling systems:

    • Liquid cooling system 

       

       

      

      
      

       

       

       

    • Air cooling system

   

   

  

  
  

   

   Type of fuel used 

  1.Conventional: (i) Gasoline (ii) Diesel 

  2. Alternate: (i) CNG (ii) LPG (iii) Ethanol and Methanol (iv) Bio-Fuel (v) Propane (vi) Hydrogen 

  3. Blending fuel engines 

  4. Dual fueling engines

   

   Ignition Type

  •  Compression Ignition Engine

     

    

    
    

  •  Spark Ignition Engine

    

    Application 

    • Automotive.  

    • Light Aircraft. 

    • Marine. 

    • Power Generation. 

    • Agricultural. 

    • Earthmoving. 

    • Home Use

      Thanks